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Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai
Swadeshabhimani K. Ramakrishna Pillai (1878–1916) was a writer, journalist, newspaper editor, and political activist in the erstwhile princely state of Travancore (Kerala, India). He was the editor of the newspaper ''Swadeshabhimani'' (The Patriot) and hence known by the name. The criticisms against the Diwan of Travancore, P. Rajagopalachari, the Government and the Maharajah of Travancore that appeared in his newspaper irritated the authorities and eventually resulted in the confiscation of the newspaper and press and he was arrested and exiled from Travancore in 1910.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The criticism against the Diwan of Travancore that appeared in the daily irritated the authorities and eventually resulted in the confiscation of press during 1910 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Literary Criticism: Western Influence )〕 He wrote Vrithantha Pathra Pravarthanam (1912), the first book on journalism in the Malayalam language.〔〔 He also wrote the biography of Karl Marx (1912) in Malayalam, which was the first Marx biography in any Indian language.〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Marx comes to India : earliest Indian biographies of Karl Marx / by Lala Hardayal and Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai )〕
==Early life==
K.Ramakrishna Pillai was born on 25 May 1878 (ME :1053 Edavam 16)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=RAMAKRISHNA PILLAI, SWADESHABHIMANI )〕 as the youngest son of Narasimhan Potti and Chakkiamma at Neyyattinkara, Travancore state.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=IMPORTANT PERSONALITIES : RAMAKRISHNA PILLAI, SWADESHABHIMANI )〕 Bharmashree Narasimhan Potti was a poojari in a temple.
Ramakrishna Pillai was born in a Nair family named ''Thekkekod veedu'' in Athiyanoor, Arangamugal ( present), in Neyyattinkara Taluk of the princely state of Travancore. ''Mall karanavar'', a patriarch of this family saved Prince Marthanda Varma, who later became Maharaja of Travancore, from the latter enemies. In gratitude, Marthanda Varma gifted the family with land, 12-room mansion and certain privileges in the Krishna temple in Neyyattinkara. Ramakrishna was born in this family over a century later.
In the matrilineal Nair society, Ramakrishna Pillai as a young boy lived with his maternal uncle, Advocate Keshava Pillai. Kattupana Naganathaiyer was his first teacher in the Malayalam school.In 1887 January, he joined the Neyyattinkara English medium school, where K. VeluPilla (Headmaster) and R. Keshavapilla (Asst. Headmaster) were his teachers. Since third form was the highest class in the Neyyattinkara school, he joined ''Rajagiyamahapadashala ''(Royal school), Thiruvananthapuram in 1892. Ramakrishna used his newly received freedom at Thiruvananthapuram to read new books and newspapers, visit new places and gaining new friends.He was a shy and silent student at school. He passed his matriculation exam at the age of 14.〔
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